When you eat a meal, your intestinal L-cells release GLP-1, which signals the pancreas to produce insulin, tells the liver to reduce glucose output, and communicates with the brain to register satiety
Nezu J, Tamai I, Oku A, Ohashi R, Yabuuchi H, Hashimoto N, Nikaido H, Sai Y, Koizumi A, Shoji Y, Takada G, Matsuishi T, Yoshino M, Kato H, Ohura T, Tsujimoto G, Hayakawa J, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Primary systemic carnitine deficiency is caused by mutations in a gene encoding sodium ion-dependent carnitine transporter
S7), Christopher Hill and Svet Tzokov for help with the high-pressure freezing and cryo-electron microscopy, and Carolyn Machamer for providing research space for D.M.Z
The gap between GHK-Cu's broad gene expression effects and its limited human clinical evidence is the central unanswered question in the field