These effects of vitamin D3, as well as a resulting increase in GSH levels, have been functionally documented in cell culture studies (28, 29) and in human subjects (30)
The diet must also include non-digestible components, particularly dietary fibers, in addition to the necessary nutrients, including proteins, vitamins, lipids, and minerals, as diet strongly influences the composition of colonic microbiota and their metabolic products (2)
The low-fat fish oil intervention demonstrated promising secondary outcomes compared with the Western diet group, including favorable shifts in prostate tissue fatty acid composition (reduced omega-6:omega-3 ratios), decreased cellular proliferation (as measured by Ki-67 index), and inhibited cancer cell growth in ex vivo experiments using patient sera
Foods rich in beta-carotene are primarily yellow-orange and dark green vegetables, such as carrots, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, spinach, and kale