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BAC water is the standard for peptide reconstitution

Typical cytologic findings are Hrthle cells and lymphocytic infiltration

Contraindications/Precautions Cyanocobalamin is contraindicated in those with hypersensitivity to cobalt moiety or cobalamin molecule due to the risk of anaphylaxis (9)

Additional at-risk groups include: Vegans and strict vegetarians , who may have low dietary B12 intake People with autoimmune conditions , including pernicious anaemia or type 1 diabetes Individuals with gastrointestinal conditions such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease, which impair nutrient absorption People who have undergone bariatric surgery , which can significantly reduce B12 absorption Long-term users of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2-receptor antagonists , which reduce gastric acid and impair B12 release from food Those with a family history of either pernicious anaemia or diabetes For these groups, simultaneous monitoring of B12 status and glycaemic markers is particularly important to avoid diagnostic errors