Adv Nutr 11(6):14531488
Over-secretion of insulin may be triggered by the hyperreactivity of -cells to overconsumption of insulinogenic nutrients like carbohydrates and lipids, to compensate for decreased sensitivity to the hormone, in a vicious cycle that further increases weight gain [7778] Thus, while undernutrition is characterized by insufficient insulin secretion, -cell failure and hepatic insulin resistance, obesity induces insulin resistance in muscle, liver and adipose tissue through -cell overstimulation and chronic hyperinsulinemia [45,46,47,48, 50, 77, 78] Despite these opposite mechanisms, both conditions converge on -cell dysfunction and disrupted insulin signaling, leading to impaired glucose regulation
Limited human studies : While there is a growing body of anecdotal evidence supporting its benefits, clinical trials in humans are limited
Histidine also has properties that protect against oxidative stress and may play a role in tissue repair [2]