References used for calculations and assessment Ahmad, M., Manjantratat, T., Rattanawongsa, W., Muensri, P., Saenmuangchin, R., Klamchuen, A., Aueviriyavit, S., Sukrak, K., Kangwangsupamonkon, W
Open systems, due to the contact of the e-liquid with the metallic components of the device, particularly the heating resistors, can release heavy metals such as iron (Fe), arsenic (As), and nickel (Ni)
The weather Sunday night was about as Boston summer as you can getslightly misty and muggy, yet cool
Summary Keywords adolescents, e-cigarettes, nicotine addiction, prevention strategies, public health, vaping Citation Fainardi V, Barbetta E, Petz M, Rizzo L, Ruberti F and Esposito S (2026) The new nicotine epidemic: understanding the systemic harms of e-cigarettes in the adolescent population